Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is when a person's blood pressure is consistently higher than usual. Doctors may diagnose hypertension if a person's systolic blood pressure is 130 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) or higher, and their diastolic blood pressure is 90 mm Hg or higher. If a person has hypertension, a doctor can recommend steps they can take to manage their blood pressure. This can include lifestyle and dietary changes. They may also recommend medications for hypertension, particularly if blood pressure readings are 140/90 mm Hg or higher.
What causes hypertension?
Hypertension typically happens gradually over time. The exact cause of hypertension is unclear, but risk factors can include dietary choices and limited physical activity. Some conditions, such as obesity and diabetes, also increase the likelihood of hypertension. Preventive measures can help reduce the risk of hypertension. These can include maintaining a moderate weight, getting enough regular physical activity or exercise, consuming a heart-healthy diet, avoiding alcohol, and getting enough quality sleep. Learn more about risk factors for hypertension.
What are the signs of hypertension?
Hypertension does not usually cause any symptoms, which is why some people refer to it as a "silent" condition. A person's doctor can advise on the importance of regular blood pressure checks and also discuss the frequency.
What dietary considerations should I be aware of with high blood pressure?
If a person has high blood pressure, a doctor may recommend a heart-healthy diet. This can include focusing on fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, low fat or fat-free dairy, nuts, legumes, and skinless poultry and fish. A person may need to limit salt, saturated fats, trans fats, fatty meats, foods with added sugar, and alcohol if they drink it. Learn more about foods for high blood pressure.
