Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological condition that causes the immune system to mistakenly attack myelin. Myelin is the protective layer that covers the nerve cells. This can affect the brain and spinal cord, causing symptoms such as muscle weakness, tingling, vision problems, and difficulty balancing and walking. There are several types of MS. The main types include relapsing-remitting MS, primary-progressive MS, secondary-progressive MS, and progressive-relapsing MS. Learn more about the types of MS.
Is multiple sclerosis hereditary?
A person does not directly inherit MS from a family member. However, more than 200 genes may contribute to its development. More research is necessary to better understand the role genes play in MS. Learn more about MS and genetics.
What causes multiple sclerosis?
The exact cause of MS is unclear. However, various factors can increase the likelihood of the condition developing. These include certain genes, exposure to the Epstein-Barr virus, and low levels of vitamin D. MS is more common in people assigned female at birth. It typically develops between the ages of 15 and 50 years.
Can multiple sclerosis be fatal?
MS is rarely fatal. In most cases, it does not affect a person's life expectancy. A 2020 study found that MS-related deaths were mostly due to infection, advanced immobility, and chronic respiratory disease. However, the study also noted that receiving suitable treatment to reduce the likelihood of these and other complications can improve outcomes for people with MS. A person can discuss their treatment plan with their doctor to help manage MS. Newer therapies for MS may help improve outcomes. Learn more about MS and life expectancy.
